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Pee-wee's Big Adventure

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Pee-wee's Big Adventure
Theatrical release poster
Directed byTim Burton
Written by
Produced by
Starring
CinematographyVictor J. Kemper
Edited byBilly Weber
Music byDanny Elfman
Production
company
Distributed byWarner Bros.
Release date
  • August 9, 1985 (1985-08-09)
Running time
91 minutes[1]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$7 million[2]
Box office$40.9 million (domestic)[3]

Pee-wee's Big Adventure is a 1985 American adventure comedy film directed by Tim Burton in his feature-film directing debut. The film stars Paul Reubens as Pee-wee Herman, along with E.G. Daily, Mark Holton, Diane Salinger and Judd Omen. The screenplay, written by Reubens with Phil Hartman and Michael Varhol, tells the story of Pee-wee's nationwide search for his stolen bicycle and has been compared to the 1948 Italian film Bicycle Thieves.

Following the success of The Pee-wee Herman Show in 1981, Reubens was hired by the Warner Bros. film studio and began writing the script for Pee-wee's Big Adventure. Impressed with Burton's work on the short films Vincent (1982) and Frankenweenie (1984), the producers and Reubens hired him to direct. Filming took place in California and Texas. The film was scored by Danny Elfman, marking his first among many collaborations with Burton.

Pee-wee's Big Adventure was released on August 9, 1985, grossing over $40 million in North America. It became a cult film and continued to accumulate positive feedback. It was nominated for a Young Artist Award and was followed by two standalone sequels, Big Top Pee-wee (1988) and Pee-wee's Big Holiday (2016). Its financial success, followed by Burton's equally successful Beetlejuice in 1988, prompted Warner Bros. to hire Burton to direct the 1989 film Batman.

Plot

[edit]

Pee-wee Herman has a heavily accessorized bicycle that he cherishes. His neighbor and enemy, Francis Buxton, wants the bicycle. Dottie is an employee at a bike shop, who has a crush on Pee-wee, but he does not reciprocate. As Pee-wee goes on a shopping spree, his bike is stolen, but the police are not overly concerned with the theft. Pee-wee assumes Francis took it, and confronts him, but Francis' father convinces Pee-wee that Francis was not responsible. Pee-wee offers a $10,000 reward for the bike. Francis, who did indeed pay to have someone steal the bike, is disturbed by Pee-wee's relentlessness and pays to have the bike sent away. That evening, Pee-wee holds an unsuccessful evidentiary meeting of friends and neighbors to find the bike, then rejects offers of help. He then visits a phony psychic who tells Pee-wee that his bike is in the basement of the Alamo Mission in San Antonio.

Pee-wee hitchhikes to Texas, getting rides from a fugitive convict named Mickey, and from Large Marge, the ghost of a truck driver. At a truck stop, Pee-wee finds his wallet is missing, and pays for his meal by washing dishes. He befriends Simone, a waitress who dreams of visiting Paris. As they watch the sun rise from within a roadside dinosaur statue, he encourages her to follow her dreams, but Simone tells him about her boyfriend, Andy, who disapproves. Andy appears and tries to attack Pee-wee, who escapes onto a moving train. Pee-wee arrives at the Alamo, but learns at the end of a guided tour that the building does not have a basement.

At a bus station, Pee-wee encounters Simone, who tells him she broke up with Andy and is on her way to Paris. She tells Pee-wee not to give up searching for his bike. Pee-wee calls Dottie and apologizes for his behavior. Andy spots Pee-wee and resumes chasing him. Pee-wee evades Andy at a rodeo by disguising himself as a bull rider. Forced to ride a bull, Pee-wee nearly sets a world record, but is knocked out. He visits a biker bar to make a phone call, and a biker gang threatens to kill him after he accidentally knocks over their motorcycles. He wins them over by dancing to the song "Tequila" in a pair of platform shoes, and they give him a motorcycle for his journey, which he crashes immediately.

He awakens in a hospital and sees on television that his bike is being used as a prop in a film. Pee-wee sneaks into Warner Bros. Studios with Milton Berle in Burbank and grabs the bike. Security guards chase him across the studio lot and through several active sets before he escapes. Pee-wee then discovers a burning pet shop and rescues the animals. The firefighters declare Pee-wee a hero, but the police arrest Pee-wee for his intrusion at the studio. They return Pee-wee to the studio to face Warner Bros. president Terry Hawthorne. After Pee-wee pleads his case that the bike belongs to him, Hawthorne decides to drop the charges and return Pee-wee's bike in exchange for the rights to adapt his story into a film starring James Brolin as "P.W. Herman" and Morgan Fairchild as Dottie. In the film, presented as a James Bond parody, the characters must retrieve their stolen motorbike – which contains an important microfilm – from the Soviets, after the US President telephones P.W. to let him know of the bike's importance to national security. Pee-wee has a cameo role as a hotel bellhop, though his voice has been dubbed.

Seeing the film at a drive-in theater, Pee-wee gives refreshments to the different people he met along his journey. He also encounters Francis, who tells reporters he is Pee-wee's best friend and that he taught Pee-wee how to ride. Francis claims to be knowledgeable about Pee-wee's bike, but sets off one of the bicycle's gadgets, catapulting himself into the air. Ultimately, Pee-wee decides to depart with Dottie, claiming to have already "lived" the adventure on screen.

Cast

[edit]
  • Paul Reubens as Pee-wee Herman, an eccentric man-child whose bike was stolen.
  • Elizabeth Daily as Dottie, a bike shop employee who is Pee-wee's friend and has a crush on him.
  • Mark Holton as Francis Buxton, a spoiled man-child who is Pee-wee's enemy and neighbor.
  • Diane Salinger as Simone, a tourist stop waitress who dreams of visiting France.
  • Judd Omen as Mickey Morelli, an escaped convict who claims he was incarcerated for cutting a tag off a mattress. Referred to only as "Mickey" for most of his scenes, his surname can be briefly heard on the radio.

Selected supporting players, in order of appearance

Special appearances

Director Tim Burton has an uncredited cameo appearance as the street thug who confronts Pee-wee in a rainy back alley.[4] Veteran comedy star Milton Berle also has an uncredited cameo, entering the Warner Bros. lot and telling jokes to his entourage as Pee-wee sneaks in with them.[5]

Production

[edit]
One of the prop bicycles used in the film on display at Bicycle Heaven

The success of The Pee-wee Herman Show prompted Warner Bros. to hire Paul Reubens to write a script for a full-length Pee-wee Herman film. His original concept was a remake of Pollyanna (1960), Reubens's favorite film, with Pee-wee Herman in the Hayley Mills role. While writing the script, Reubens noticed that many at Warner Bros. rode bicycles around the backlot and requested one of his own. This inspired Reubens to start a new script.[6]

Having left Walt Disney Productions and with Frankenweenie (1984) receiving positive reviews within film studios, Tim Burton was seeking a full-length film to direct. When Reubens and the producers of Pee-wee's Big Adventure saw Burton's work on Vincent (1982) and Frankenweenie, they decided to hire him.[7] Burton felt that he connected with Reubens's personality and the humor of the Pee-wee Herman Show.[8] After hiring Burton, Reubens, Phil Hartman and Michael Varhol revised the script.[9] They read Syd Field's 1979 book Screenplay and wrote the script according to the book's advice. "It's a 90-minute film, it's a 90-page script," Reubens explained. "On page 30 I lose my bike, on page 60 I find it. It's literally exactly what they said to do in the book...There should be like a MacGuffin kind of a thing, something you're looking for, and I was like, 'Okay, my bike.'"[10] The film has been described as a "parody" or "farce version" of the 1948 Italian classic Bicycle Thieves.[11][12]

Filming locations included Glendale, Pomona, Santa Clarita, Santa Monica, Burbank, Cabazon (at the Cabazon Dinosaurs[13]) and Port Hueneme in California, as well as San Antonio, Texas.[14][15][16] Burton and Reubens clashed with Warner Bros. studio executives over the shooting schedule.[17] Burton hired CalArts classmate Rick Heinrichs for scenes involving stop-motion animation.[17] Large Marge's claymation transformation was created by the Chiodo Brothers.[18][19]

Conceptual continuity

[edit]

The film contains numerous "conceptual continuity" links to other Tim Burton films and other productions:

Several cast members from The Pee-wee Herman Show and/or Pee-wee's Playhouse have cameo roles. John Moody (Mailman Mike in The Pee-wee Herman Show) appears as the bus clerk before the Andy chase sequence, Lynne Marie Stewart (Miss Yvonne) plays the Mother Superior, John Paragon (Jambi the Genie) plays the high-voiced studio extra in red armor of whom Pee-wee asks directions and the reporter interviewing Francis in the final scene at the drive-in is played by Phil Hartman (Cap'n Carl).

The 1960s model of the Batmobile drives through the Warners lot. Burton later directed Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992).

Jan Hooks (Tina the tour guide) was a fellow member of the Groundlings comedy troupe with Reubens, Hartman and Paragon, and went on to costar on Saturday Night Live with Hartman. She also had a cameo role as a publicist in Burton's Batman Returns (1992).

Reubens and Diane Salinger (Simone the Francophilic waitress) were reunited in the opening sequence of Burton's Batman Returns, in which they portrayed the parents of Oswald Cobblepot. They appeared together again in Pee-wee's Big Holiday (2016).

Soundtrack

[edit]
Pee-wee's Big Adventure / Back to School
Soundtrack album by
Danny Elfman
Released1988
StudioCBS (London)
GenreFilm score
LabelVarèse Sarabande
Danny Elfman chronology
Forbidden Zone
(1980) 		Pee-wee's Big Adventure / Back to School
(1988) 		Beetlejuice
(1988)

Reubens initially approached Devo frontman Mark Mothersbaugh to score the film, but Mothersbaugh was unavailable, due to a scheduling conflict.[20] However, he would later compose the theme song and other episodic music for Pee-wee's Playhouse.[21]

Burton then recruited Danny Elfman, the lead singer/songwriter of Oingo Boingo, who had also composed the music for Forbidden Zone (1982), to compose the score for Pee-wee's Big Adventure.[22] Elfman was hesitant at first, given his lack of scoring experience,[23] but had written the main title theme by the time that he signed on.[24]

Elfman's original score draws inspiration from film composers Nino Rota[25] and Bernard Herrmann.[a] The main title music pays homage to Rota's "Carlotta's Galop" from Fellini's 8½ (1963) and the tracks "Stolen Bike" and "Clown Dream" pay homage to Herrmann's scores for Psycho (1960) and The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (1958), respectively. "Studio Chase" pays homage to Miss Gulch's theme from The Wizard of Oz (1939).[citation needed]

In 1988, record label Varèse Sarabande released an album featuring cues from Pee-wee's Big Adventure and those from another Elfman-scored film, Back to School (1986).[26] While the scores for both films were recorded in Hollywood, the album was recorded in London and performed by the National Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by John Coleman.[27][26]

Elfman went on to score nearly all of Burton's films,[28] excluding Ed Wood (1994), Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007) and Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children (2016).

No.TitleLength
1."Overture/The Big Race"3:07
2."Breakfast Machine"2:36
3."Park Ride"1:14
4."Stolen Bike"1:44
5."Hitchhike"0:56
6."Dinosaur Dream"0:48
7."Simone's Theme"1:35
8."Clown Dream"1:58
9."Studio Chase"1:24
10."The Drive-In"2:02
11."Finale"3:12
Pee-wee's Big Adventure
Soundtrack album by
Danny Elfman
Released2010
RecordedJune 27 and 28, 1985
StudioBurbank
GenreFilm score
LabelWarner Bros. Records
ProducerDanny Elfman

In 2010, both the original score sessions and re-recordings were released by Warner Bros. Records as part of The Danny Elfman & Tim Burton 25th Anniversary Music Box. The album also included additional cues, alternate versions and a restored "Studio Chase" sequence.[26]

The Danny Elfman & Tim Burton 25th Anniversary Box (Disc 1)
No.TitleLength
1."Main Title/Bike Race"2:54
2."The Breakfast Machine"2:40
3."The Bike"1:42
4."The Park Ride"1:19
5."The Mall"1:12
6."Music Shop And Beyond"1:05
7."Stolen Bike/Lonely Walk"1:42
8."Francis' House"0:34
9."The Bath"1:32
10."The Basement"2:14
11."Hitch Hike"0:57
12."Edsel Over the Edge"1:21
13."Simone's Theme"1:37
14."Dinosaur Dream"0:49
15."Andy Chase"0:51
16."Alamo"0:19
17."Bus Station/Simone"1:04
18."Clown Dream"2:00
19."Studio Chase"1:25
20."Pet Shop"2:11
21."The Drive-In"2:04
22."Finale"3:07
23."Large Marge"0:52
24."The Fork"0:27
25."Rain/Fortune"1:39
26."Andy Chase 2"0:26
27."Cowboy Pee-wee"0:33
28."Andy & the Bull"0:26
29."Stolen Bike/Lonely Walk" (Film Version)1:40
30."Hitch Hike" (Film Version)0:57
31."Simone" (Film Version)2:09
32."Dino Dreams" (Film Version)0:47
33."Studio Chase" (Film Version)3:58

The film also features "Burn in Hell" by Twisted Sister[29] and "Tequila" by the Champs.[30]

Release

[edit]

Pee-wee's Big Adventure opened on August 9, 1985, in the United States in 829 theaters, accumulating $4,545,847 over its opening weekend, and went on to gross $40,940,662 domestically.[3] The film was followed by two standalone sequels: Big Top Pee-wee (1988) and Pee-wee's Big Holiday (2016).

Reception

[edit]

Pee-wee's Big Adventure received generally positive reviews on its release before eventually becoming a cult film.[31] Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 89% of 53 critics gave it a positive review, with an average rating of 7.8/10. The critical consensus reads: "Pee-Wee's Big Adventure brings Paul Reubens' famous character to the big screen intact, along with enough inspired silliness to dazzle children of all ages."[32] Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 47 out of 100 based on 14 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[33]

In a review for the Los Angeles Times, Michael Wilmington wrote, "The wrong crowd will find these antics infantile and offensive. The right one will have a howling good time."[34] David Ansen of Newsweek described the film as "Mattel Surrealism, a toy-store fantasia in primary colors and '50s decor. Whoever proposed teaming up Pee-wee (a.k.a. Paul Reubens) with 26-year-old director Tim Burton knew what they were doing ... Together they've conspired to make a true original—a live-action cartoon brash enough to appeal to little kids and yet so knee-deep in irony that its faux naivete looks as chic as the latest retrofashions."[35] Variety compared Paul Reubens to Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton.[36]

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times did not review Pee-wee's Big Adventure upon its original release. However, in 1987, the film topped his Guilty Pleasures list, with Ebert saying he was impressed by "how innocent, how playful and how truly eccentric" the film was, and how the film created "a whole fairy-tale universe" comparable to Alice in Wonderland or Lord of the Rings.[37] Ebert also mentioned Big Adventure in his review of Big Top Pee-wee (1988), explaining how moving away from the "zany weirdness" of the first Pee-wee Herman film led to a sequel that was "not as magical".[38]

A more negative assessment came from Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune, who gave Pee-wee's Big Adventure a rare zero-star rating in his print review, writing that he had enjoyed Herman's guest spots on Late Night with David Letterman but "[o]bviously, Pee-Wee is tolerable only in Pee-Wee doses ... You have to be a lot funnier on the big screen than on the tube to sustain a feature-length story."[39] Siskel included the film in his unranked year-end list of the worst movies of 1985.[40] Vincent Canby of The New York Times was also negative, writing that, apart from a few scenes, it was "the most barren comedy I've seen in years, maybe ever."[41]

Burton was offered the opportunity to direct the sequel, Big Top Pee-wee,[42] but was not interested and was already working on his own pet project, Beetlejuice (1988). Positive reviews for Beetlejuice and the financial success of Pee-wee's Big Adventure prompted Warner Bros. to hire Burton to direct Batman.[43]

Reviewing the film for its 2000 DVD release, Stephanie Zacharek of Salon.com explained, "Everything about Pee-wee's Big Adventure, from its toy-box colors to its superb, hyper-animated Danny Elfman score to the butch-waxed hairdo and wooden-puppet walk of its star and mastermind is pure pleasure."[44] In a retrospective review in 2005, Christopher Null gave positive feedback, calling it "Burton's strangest film".[45] Empire called the film "a one-off comic masterpiece" and "a dazzling debut" for Burton.[46]

The film was nominated for a Young Artist Award for Best Family Motion Picture (Comedy or Musical).[47]

Home video

[edit]

Warner Home Video released Pee-wee's Big Adventure on DVD in May 2000, with audio commentary by Burton, Reubens and Elfman (the latter on a separate track, alongside an isolated score) and some deleted scenes.[48] The film was released on Blu-ray disc in 2011.[49]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "As for the Herrmann touch, Elfman was able to draw from that reservoir in some of the film's more inspired dream sequences. 'There was some strange and wonderful music of Herrmann's that influenced me, in particular, Jason and the Argonauts, The Seventh Voyage of Sinbad, and Mysterious Island.'"[23]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Pee-wee's Big Adventure (U)". British Board of Film Classification. April 14, 1987. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
  2. ^ "Pee Wee's Big Adventure". The Numbers. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on July 30, 2019. Retrieved April 6, 2008.
  4. ^ "15 Fun Facts About Pee-wee's Big Adventure". Mental Floss. August 7, 2015. Archived from the original on July 30, 2019. Retrieved July 30, 2019.
  5. ^ Martinez, Kiko (August 4, 2015). "Still Claiming Pee-wee 30 Years Later: Remembering 12 Late Big Adventure Actors". San Antonio Current. Retrieved August 24, 2024.
  6. ^ Burton, Tim; Reubens, Paul (2000). Pee-wee's Big Adventure (DVD audio commentary). Warner Home Video. ISBN 0-7907-4940-8. 45431258. Retrieved September 25, 2016.
  7. ^ Burton 2006, p. 42.
  8. ^ Burton 2006, pp. 43-44.
  9. ^ Burton 2006, p. 47.
  10. ^ "SXSW Recap: Five Things You Ought to Know About Pee-wee Herman". Script Magazine. March 28, 2011. Archived from the original on April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 23, 2018.
  11. ^ Snyder, Stephen; Curle, Howard (May 18, 2018). Vittorio De Sica: Contemporary Perspectives. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9780802083814. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved May 18, 2018 – via Google Books.
  12. ^ Wilmington, Michael (May 21, 2000). ""Pee-Wee's Big Adventure" (Tim Burton, 1985) at 5:15 p.m..." Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on April 26, 2018. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
  13. ^ Potts, Kim (October 18, 2011). "Famous Movie Locations: Wheel Inn Restaurant from Pee-wee's Big Adventure (Cabazon, California)". Moviefone. Archived from the original on October 18, 2011. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  14. ^ "Pee-Wee's Big Adventure | 1985". movie-locations.com. Retrieved August 13, 2023.
  15. ^ Jacob, Mary K. (August 2, 2023). "Longtime owner of Pee-wee Herman's real playhouse tells all". New York Post. Retrieved August 13, 2023.
  16. ^ "Filming locations of Pee-wee's Big Adventure". Platial. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved April 6, 2008.
  17. ^ a b Burton 2006, p. 49.
  18. ^ Squires, John (December 5, 2017). "Happy 80th Birthday, Large Marge!". Bloody Disgusting. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  19. ^ Bachman, Mara (April 24, 2020). "What Killer Klowns From Outer Space & Pee Wee's Big Adventure Have In Common". Screen Rant. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  20. ^ Monroe, Jazz (August 1, 2023). "Devo's Mark Mothersbaugh Remembers Pee-wee's Playhouse Collaborator Paul Reubens". Pitchfork. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  21. ^ Wilkes, Emma (August 2, 2023). "Devo's Mark Mothersbaugh says 'Pee-wee's Playhouse' "changed the trajectory" of his career". NME. Retrieved August 24, 2024.
  22. ^ D'Angelo, Mike (January 16, 2014). "Danny Elfman's score tied Pee-wee's Big Adventure together—and launched a career". The Dissolve. Pitchfork. Retrieved September 25, 2019. Elfman, by contrast, was the singer and primary songwriter for a small cult band, Oingo Boingo... His only previous experience as a film composer was Forbidden Zone...
  23. ^ a b Silber, Frederic (1989). "Danny Elfman: Wunderkind of Filmmusic". Fanfare. Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2018 – via Boingo.org.
  24. ^ Elfman, Danny (2000). Pee-wee's Big Adventure (DVD audio commentary). Warner Home Video. ISBN 0-7907-4940-8. 45431258. Retrieved September 25, 2016.
  25. ^ Collette, Olivia (July 6, 2015). "Danny Elfman Tells the Stories Behind 8 of His Classic Scores". Vulture. New York. Archived from the original on September 25, 2019. Retrieved September 24, 2019. 'I really went heavily into a Nino Rota inspiration for Pee-wee's Big Adventure, so if you heard something circuslike, I can only imagine that it came from that place,' Elfman said.
  26. ^ a b c "1. Pee-wee's Big Adventure — Danny Elfman". Danny Elfman. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  27. ^ Elfman, Danny (1988). Pee-wee's Big Adventure / Back to School: Original Motion Picture Scores (LP liner notes). Varèse Sarabande. 704.370.
  28. ^ Burton 2006, p. 48.
  29. ^ Blazenhoff, Rusty (August 12, 2022). "How Twisted Sister got that cameo in 'Pee-wee's Big Adventure'". boingboing.net. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  30. ^ Nayman, Adam (August 6, 2020). "The Weird Delight of 'Pee-wee's Big Adventure'". The Ringer. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  31. ^ Burton 2006, p. 50.
  32. ^ "Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Archived from the original on July 31, 2020. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  33. ^ "Pee-wee's Big Adventure Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on June 3, 2010. Retrieved September 19, 2019.
  34. ^ Wilmington, Michael (August 9, 1985). "Pee-Wee's Adventure' is an Oddly Comic Odyssey". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  35. ^ Ansen, David (August 26, 1985). "Hollywood's Silly Season". Newsweek. p. 62.
  36. ^ "Pee-wee's Big Adventure". Variety. January 1, 1985. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2008.
  37. ^ Ebert, Roger; Siskel, Gene (May 16, 1987). "Guilty Pleasures - 1987". At the Movies. Event occurs at 1:30. Buena Vista Television – via YouTube.
  38. ^ Ebert, Roger (July 22, 1988). "Big Top Pee-wee Movie Review & Film Summary (1988)". Roger Ebert. Archived from the original on January 11, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
  39. ^ Siskel, Gene (August 12, 1985). "Pee-Wee Herman gets laughs to match his name". Chicago Tribune.
  40. ^ Siskel, Gene (December 22, 1985). "Siskel's top 10 Movies of the year". Chicago Tribune.
  41. ^ Canby, Vincent (August 9, 1985). "Screen: 'Pee-wee's Big Adventure', a Comedy". The New York Times. p. C15. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  42. ^ Burton 2006, p. 52.
  43. ^ Burton, Tim (2005). Batman (DVD audio commentary). Warner Bros. ISBN 1-4198-1324-2. 0 12569 71371 0.
  44. ^ Zacharek, Stephanie (October 10, 2000). "Pee-wee's Big Adventure". Salon.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  45. ^ Null, Christopher (June 13, 2005). "Pee-wee's Big Adventure". filmcritic.com. Archived from the original on March 30, 2008. Retrieved April 6, 2008.
  46. ^ Thomas, William. "Pee-wee's Big Adventure". Empire. Retrieved April 6, 2008.
  47. ^ "7th Annual Youth In Film Awards". Young Artist Awards. Archived from the original on November 14, 2010. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  48. ^ "Pee-wee's Big Adventure (Widescreen) (1985)". Amazon. August 9, 2005. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved September 22, 2008.
  49. ^ "Pee-wee's Big Adventure Blu-ray". Retrieved September 27, 2021.

Bibliography

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